Importance of cell wall in cell

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 Importance of cell wall in prokaryotic cell wall:

A cell wall is defined as the non-living component, covering the outmost layer of a cell. Its composition varies according to the organism and is permeable in nature.  

  • All prokaryotic cells have a stiff cell wall, located underneath the capsule (if there is one). This structure maintains the cell shape, protects the cell interior and prevents the cell from bursting when takes up the water. 
  • The main function of the cell wall is to provide structural strength and support, and also provide a semi-permeable surface for molecules to pass in and out of the cell.
  • The cell wall in bacteria is essential for survival as it helps to keep the contents of the cell intact. Antibiotics usually work on this principle by targeting the bacterial cell wall and causing lysis. This leads to the expulsion of cellular contents and the eventual death of the cell.

Importance of cell wall in Eukaryotic cell wall:

     A typical plant cell wall is composed of 3 layers namely the primary cell wall, the secondary cell wall, and the middle lamella. 


The cell wall separates the interior contents of the cell from the exterior environment. It also provides shape, support, and protection to the cell and its organelles. However, this cellular component is present exclusively in eukaryotic plants, fungi, and a few prokaryotic organisms.

  • The plant cell wall provides definite shape, strength, and rigidity

  • It also provides protection against mechanical stress and physical shocks

  • It helps to control cell expansion due to the intake of water

  • It helps in preventing water loss from the cell

  • It is responsible for transporting substances between and across the cell

  • It acts as a barrier between the interior cellular components and the external environment.


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